Claude Moise
Originally: Many Crosses to Bear
FOREWORD 7
1 Coming out of the coup d’etat: a taxing operation 13
The restoration 14
The end of the army 17
The great electoral upheaval (1995) 20
The fragmentation of the democratic movement 24
2 The trials and tribulations of Lavalassian normalization 30
The poles of the new power (1995-1997) 30
The political poles: Préval, Aristide and the OPL 31
Préval 31
Aristide 34
OPL 37
The institutional poles: The Presidency, the Prime Minister? s
Office and Parliament . 39
The weakness of the opposition 41
The limitations of charismatic leadership 43
3 The political and institutional crisis 48
The electoral fiasco of April 6, 1997 48
Governmental paralysis 49
The March 6,1999. Agreement 51
What was the OPLs strategy? 55
4 Aristide II or the derailment of the democratic process 60
The pre-electoral climate 60
The May 21 Coup and Lavalas total seizure of power 62
In search of legitimacy 65
The Lavalas Convergence clash (March 2001) 68
The Lavalas methods 72
The international community takes charge 75
The disastrous balance sheet 83
5 Thinking Haitian democracy 86
Thinking of the new State 87
Structuring civil society, promoting citizenship 91
Consolidating political society 95
Rehabilitating politics 95
Understanding the new political orientation 97
Rebuilding the political landscape 98
Presenting a project acceptable for the whole society 100
Stimulating debate 101
The democratic project and its requirements 103
The dilemma 104
The irreducible democratic minimum 106
The international context 109
6 Emergencies: redefining the rules of the game 114
The constitutional question 114
The electoral question 119
Conclusion: the national alliance 123
